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Marketing Terms, in Plain English

This is a plain-English glossary of the marketing, SEO and advertising terms agencies use in proposals and reports, written for business owners rather than marketers. A&B Consulting Group is a marketing agency in Burr Ridge, Illinois, serving Chicago and the western suburbs and clients in 17 states.

Marketing has an unusual amount of jargon for a field that is mostly common sense, and some of it is used specifically to make straightforward work sound complicated. A few of these terms are genuinely useful shorthand. Several are worth knowing mainly so you can tell when a proposal is avoiding a question.

Where a term is commonly used to obscure something, the definition says so.

Terms worth being sceptical about

A few words appear in proposals mainly to make routine work sound proprietary. None of these are technical terms with agreed meanings.

Proprietary algorithm, in an SEO context, usually means ordinary SEO. Nobody outside Google has an algorithm that ranks sites. Holistic or synergistic approach generally means the deliverables have not been specified, and the right response is to ask what will be produced each month. Brand awareness campaign can be genuine, and is also where unmeasurable spend goes to avoid being judged — ask what would count as it working.

Guaranteed rankings is the one to treat as disqualifying. Nobody controls search results, and the guarantee is normally met by ranking you for a term nobody searches.

The four numbers that actually matter

Most reporting can be ignored in favour of four figures, in this order of usefulness.

  • Cost per booked job — what marketing costs to win one job. The number that settles arguments
  • Total enquiries against total spend, over a period long enough to mean something
  • Close rate by source, which is what reveals that cheap leads are often the expensive ones
  • Lifetime value of a customer, because it decides what you can afford to pay to acquire one
A to Z

The terms, in plain English.

Attribution
Working out which marketing produced a given enquiry or sale. Easy for a form submission on a search ad, hard for a customer who saw a Meta ad on a phone, mentioned it to a spouse, and called from a different number three weeks later. Anyone claiming perfect attribution is overselling.
A link from another website to yours. Still one of the strongest signals in search, because a link is a vote that is costly to fake. Links earned from genuine local and industry sources work; links bought in bulk carry real risk to your site.
Bounce rate
The share of visitors who leave without a second interaction. Less meaningful than it sounds — somebody who found your phone number and called has technically bounced, and that was a complete success.
Canonical tag
A line of code telling search engines which version of a page is the real one when several are similar. Used properly it stops your own pages competing with each other; used wrongly it can quietly remove a page from search.
Conversion
A visitor doing the thing the page exists for — calling, submitting a form, booking. Worth defining precisely before anyone optimises toward it, since an account optimised on clicks and one optimised on booked jobs will diverge quickly.
CPC — cost per click
What you pay each time someone clicks an ad. Widely quoted and close to meaningless on its own, because a click is not a lead and a cheaper click can produce a more expensive customer.
CPL — cost per lead
Total spend divided by enquiries produced. More useful than CPC and still incomplete — whether a $60 lead is good depends entirely on your close rate and the size of the job.
Cost per booked job
What it actually costs in marketing to win one job. The only figure that settles whether a channel is working, and it requires lead source to survive into your CRM and stay attached when the deal closes.
Core Web Vitals
Google's measures of loading speed, responsiveness and visual stability. They matter for ranking and matter more for conversion: people leave slow sites regardless of what the algorithm thinks.
CTR — click-through rate
The share of people who saw a listing or ad and clicked it. Useful for judging whether your title and description are earning attention.
Google Business Profile
Your free listing in Google Search and Maps, formerly Google My Business. For a local business it is often more important than the website — it decides whether you appear in the map pack.
Impression
One instance of your listing or ad being shown. A volume measure, not an outcome. Reports leading with impressions are usually avoiding a conversation about enquiries.
Indexing
Search engines storing your page so it can appear in results. A page that is not indexed cannot rank, which makes it the first thing to check when something is invisible.
Keyword intent
What someone actually wants when they search. 'How to fix a leaking roof' is research; 'roof repair near me' is somebody ready to hire. Paying the same for both is how advertising budgets disappear.
Local pack / map pack
The three businesses shown with a map for local searches. Hugely valuable, decided largely by proximity, your Google Business Profile and your reviews — and decided separately for each of your locations.
LSA — Local Services Ads
Google ads that sit above everything else with a Google Guaranteed or Screened badge, charged per lead rather than per click. Usually the cheapest enquiry available where your trade qualifies, and requires licensing and background checks.
Meta description
The summary text under your listing in search results. Not a ranking factor directly, but it decides whether people click, which is the part that matters.
Negative keywords
Terms you tell Google not to show your ads for. Maintaining them is the difference between paying for buyers and paying for students, job seekers and people researching how to do the work themselves.
Organic vs paid
Organic results are earned and keep working after you stop investing. Paid results are rented and stop the day the budget stops. Most businesses need both, weighted differently as the organic work matures.
Page speed
How quickly your site loads, which should always be judged on a phone on a normal connection rather than on a desktop in the office. Affects both ranking and whether the visitor you paid for stays.
Redirect — 301 or 308
A permanent instruction sending an old URL to a new one, passing most of its accumulated value along. Mapping every old URL to its closest new page is the single highest-stakes task in any website redesign.
Retargeting
Advertising to people who have already visited your site. Usually the cheapest enquiry in a paid account, because the audience has already shown interest.
ROAS — return on ad spend
Revenue produced per dollar of advertising. Meaningful only if revenue is actually being tracked back to campaigns; quoted far more often than it is genuinely measured.
Schema markup
Structured code describing your business, services and FAQs in a form search engines read directly. It does not change rankings by itself; it changes how your listing can appear and how confidently an answer engine can quote you.
SERP
Search engine results page. Worth knowing because increasingly little of it is organic listings — ads, map pack, AI summaries and featured answers take the space above them.
Sitemap
A file listing your pages so search engines can find them all. Cheap to maintain and occasionally the explanation for why new pages are not appearing.
Title tag
The clickable headline in search results. One of the few on-page elements that still carries real ranking weight, and it truncates around 60 characters — including whatever your site appends to it.
UTM parameters
Tags added to a link so analytics can tell where a visitor came from. The least glamorous and most reliable attribution tool available.
FAQs

Related questions

What is the difference between SEO and PPC?

SEO earns organic positions and keeps producing after you stop investing, but takes months to build. PPC rents position at the top of results and produces enquiries in days, stopping the day the budget stops. Most businesses run both, weighted toward paid early and shifting as the organic work matures.

What does cost per lead actually tell me?

Less than people assume. It tells you what an enquiry costs, not what a customer costs. A $60 lead is excellent at one-in-five on a large job and poor at one-in-thirty on a small one, so it only becomes meaningful alongside your close rate and ticket size.

Is the map pack the same as organic results?

No. The map pack is the three local businesses shown with a map, decided largely by proximity, your Google Business Profile and your reviews. Organic results sit below it and are decided by different signals. A business can rank well in one and be absent from the other.

Does schema markup improve rankings?

Not directly. What it does is let search engines and AI assistants read your business details, services and FAQs with confidence, which affects how your listing can appear and how likely you are to be quoted in an answer. Worth having, not a ranking lever.

What should I ask an agency that uses a lot of jargon?

What will be produced each month, and what would count as this working. Both questions are answerable by anyone doing real work and awkward for anyone selling a reporting subscription. If the answer to the second is a ranking or an impression count rather than enquiries, ask again.

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